TECHNOLOGY AND CONTEMPORARY ENVIRONMENT

INSTRUCTIONS

Answer ONE of the following ESSAY questions. Indicate in LARGE TYPE on the title page of your exam: the number and complete text of the question you are answering, your instructor’s name, the course number, your name, student number and section number. Staple, do not bind your exam.

1. Compare and contrast the environmental impacts of organic farming and industrial
agriculture. Critically examine social, economic and environments arguments for and
arguments against the genetically modified organisms.

2. Examine the prospects and challenges of renewable energy development in Canada
and the US. In your discussion, consider the trade-offs, debates, policies and
initiatives associated with renewable energy development and utilization.

3. Investigate the key processes that have shaped the form, patterns and growth of major
cosmopolitan cities or mega cities in North America and explain how these forces
influence urban rents, human settlements and living standards.

4. Critically examine recent issues; conflicts, complexities and challenges of waste
management in Toronto. Review Ontario Government policies for Integrated Waste
Management and recommend viable long-term solutions (either technological,
environmental, social, economic and political remedies) for the problems of waste
management in Toronto.

General Guidelines
1. The essay must have an introduction and conclusion.
2. The paper must be typed, double-spaced, 12-point font, times new roman, 1inch
margin and not exceed of 6-pages of text, excluding illustrations and references.
3. Use illustrations where appropriate (e.g. tables, graphs, maps, diagrams). Each
illustration must be referenced, properly labeled and referred to in the text.
4. Include a title and use sub-headings to organize the essay.
5. Use correct grammar, spelling, sentence and paragraph construction. Please,
number the pages.

Referencing
You must reference/cite all quotes, ideas, and illustrations that are not your own using both in-text citations and a bibliography. In-text citations appear directly in the essay to support your argument and indicate information sources. The scientific method is required (e.g. Smith 2015; Harris and Jones 2019). In the bibliography section, lists in full reference all of the information sources you referenced within the text. Use the American Psychological Association (APA) referencing style for the bibliography.

You must have a minimum of 6 references. Use journal articles, books, government publications and technical reports, research reports. Only 1 Internet source is required. An Internet source may include, for example, “facts” listed on the Statistics Canada website). You are required to use recent references and publications as much as possible (eg. 2002 to 2010).

Mode of Submission of Essay
Submit hard copy of the essay in class on the due date. Late penalty is 20% per each day it is submitted late.